AC Voltage Drop

Drop = circuit factor × length / 1,000 × current × (R × PF + X × √(1 − PF²)). Circuit factor: 2 or √3.

Approximate voltage-drop method for single-phase two-wire or balanced three-phase circuits. Three-phase voltage is line-to-line. Enter manufacturer impedance at operating temperature; defaults are illustrative, not a cable selection. Does not verify ampacity, protection, grounding or code compliance.