Shielded low-voltage cable: should the shield be grounded at one end or both?

Follow the equipment manufacturer's shield-termination instructions first. Do not improvise a second ground because it seems safer. The cable shield and the protective equipment grounding conductor serve different purposes.

For long runs between different electrical environments, grounding and bonding deserve deliberate design. If there is significant potential difference, fiber isolation may be a better solution than trying to solve everything with the shield.