NON-ADDRESSABLE FIRE ALARM SYSTEMS
Non-addressable fire alarm systems detect fires by monitoring changes in the electrical parameters of the loop, but they cannot pinpoint the specific detector that triggered the alarm. This differentiates them from addressable systems, which identify the exact location of the activated detector.
HOW NON-ADDRESSABLE SYSTEMS WORK
Non-addressable fire detectors are threshold-based devices that trigger alarms when fire-related factors exceed preset thresholds, such as:
- Smoke levels
- Temperature increases
- Presence of open flames
When any detector activates, the system's loop current changes, signaling the fire. However, the system does not specify which detector caused the alarm.
DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS
Loop Capacity
- Increasing the number of detectors in a loop reduces detection accuracy.
- Larger properties may require multiple loops to maintain reliability.
Control Panel Capacity
- Non-addressable systems depend on the control panel's loop capacity, which varies by model.
Detector Placement
- At least two detectors should be installed per room for redundancy.
TYPES OF NON-ADDRESSABLE SYSTEMS
Dual Detector Activation
- The control panel triggers an alarm only when two detectors activate within the same loop.
Reset and Reconfirmation
- The control panel resets a triggered detector. If the detector reactivates, it confirms a fire alarm.
Dual Loop Activation
- The system requires detectors from two separate loops to trigger simultaneously for fire confirmation.
ADVANTAGES AND LIMITATIONS
Advantages
- Cost-Effective: Equipment and installation are generally cheaper than addressable systems.
- Simplicity: Easy to set up and configure.
Limitations
- Limited Localization: Cannot specify which detector activated.
- Wired Only: Wireless and analog detectors are not supported.
- Increased Cabling: Requires more extensive wiring for larger properties.
APPLICATIONS
Non-addressable fire alarm systems are best suited for small properties like:
- Residential homes
- Small offices
- Retail shops
Their affordability and ease of installation make them a practical choice for low-risk environments.
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